Australian Dollar bulls remains on the sidelines as Iran risks support USD ahead of US NFP
- AUD/USD is seen consolidating on Friday as traders seem hesitant ahead of the US NFP report.
- Geopolitical uncertainties and Fed hike bets underpin the USD, capping the upside for the pair.
- Spot prices remain on track to end the week on a flattish note and look to the RBA next week.
The AUD/USD pair steadies around the 0.7030-0.7025 region during the Asian session on Friday as traders opt to wait for the release of the closely watched US monthly employment details before placing fresh directional bets. Nevertheless, spot prices, for now, seem to have stalled the previous day's retracement slide from the highest level since June 17 and seem poised to end the week on a flattish note amid mixed cues.
The optimism over a potential US-Iran peace deal seems to have faded amid reports Iran is reviewing a plan that would ban US and Israeli vessels from the Strait of Hormuz. According to the initial draft published by Iranian state news agency Fars on Thursday, other nations that have harmed Iran would not be allowed to transit until compensation is paid. This, in turn, prompts traders to price in the geopolitical risk premium, which supports the safe-haven US Dollar (USD) and caps the AUD/USD pair.
Meanwhile, Iran’s Houthi allies in Yemen struck a Saudi tanker in the Red Sea, fueling concerns about energy supply disruptions through another key route. This led to the overnight spike in crude oil prices and revives inflation fears, bolstering bets for a rate hike by the US Federal Reserve (Fed). The outlook remains supportive of elevated US Treasury bond yields, which is seen as another factor acting as a tailwind for the Greenback and keeping the AUD/USD pair depressed for the second consecutive day.
USD bulls, however, seem hesitant and look to the key US Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report for more cues about the Fed's future policy path. The crucial data will play a key role in influencing the near-term USD price dynamics and provide some impetus to the AUD/USD pair. The market attention will then shift to the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) policy meeting next week. Apart from this, further developments surrounding the Middle East crisis would help in determining the near-term trajectory for the pair.
Analysts at Standard Chartered expect the RBA to leave the cash rate unchanged at 4.35% at its 11 August meeting, noting that “Q2 trimmed mean inflation held steady at 0.8% q/q – as we had expected – and below the RBA’s prior forecast (0.9%).” They add that this outcome, “together with the recent retracement in oil prices, should take the pressure off the RBA to tighten policy further in the near term.”
Against that backdrop, Standard Chartered says “our base case remains that the RBA is done with rate hikes in the foreseeable future,” although it cautions that “the risk to our view is skewed towards another RBA rate hike in Q4, if the central bank remains unconvinced that demand is slowing sufficiently to contain underlying price pressures.”
AUD/USD daily chart
Technical Analysis
The AUD/USD pair is consolidating between its key moving averages, holding above the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 0.6923 while remaining capped by the 100-day SMA at 0.7052. This keeps the near-term bias neutral and hints at a range-bound tone rather than a directional breakout.
(The technical analysis of this story was written with the help of an AI tool. Know more.)
Australian Dollar FAQs
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.